. List of Toxic Substances and Disease
Professions and Industries, or Relating Chores
2 . Epidemiology
3 . Health Indicators
4 . Classification of environmental agents
Industrial Hygiene is the art, science and technology to recognize, evaluate and control environmental agents and the tensions that arise in the workplace and that can cause illness, damage to health or welfare, or discomfort and inefficiency among workers .
The definition recognizes that in the workplace there are environmental agents and tensions that can cause disease. These agents can be recognized, evaluated and controlled and that activity is central to industrial hygiene.
Definition of Health:
The World Health Organization has defined health as a state of complete physical, mental and social.
Occupational Disease Definition:
Occupational disease is acquired by the worker as a result of their own work. Or even easier, as defined by Ramazzini in the title of his book: "The diseases to which workers are exposed because of their professions." List of Toxic Substances and Disease Professions and Industries, or Relating Chores:
a.Handling of ore containing lead, including fine shot in factories obtained zinc.
b. Fusion of old zinc and lead in ingots.
c. Manufacture of cast lead or lead alloys.
e. Polygraphic industries
Industrial Hygiene is the art, science and technology to recognize, evaluate and control environmental agents and the tensions that arise in the workplace and that can cause illness, damage to health or welfare, or discomfort and inefficiency among workers .
The definition recognizes that in the workplace there are environmental agents and tensions that can cause disease. These agents can be recognized, evaluated and controlled and that activity is central to industrial hygiene.
Definition of Health:
The World Health Organization has defined health as a state of complete physical, mental and social.
Occupational Disease Definition:
Occupational disease is acquired by the worker as a result of their own work. Or even easier, as defined by Ramazzini in the title of his book: "The diseases to which workers are exposed because of their professions." List of Toxic Substances and Disease Professions and Industries, or Relating Chores:
a.Handling of ore containing lead, including fine shot in factories obtained zinc.
b. Fusion of old zinc and lead in ingots.
c. Manufacture of cast lead or lead alloys.
e. Polygraphic industries
B. All
painting operations involving the preparation and handling of coatings, mastics
or coloring substances
containing lead pigments.
Poisoning by lead, its alloys or its compounds, with the direct consequences of the poisoning:
a. Mineral treatment of mercury.
b. Manufacture of mercury compounds.
c. Manufacture of measuring instruments or laboratory.
e. Preparation of raw materials for headgear.
Poisoning by lead, its alloys or its compounds, with the direct consequences of the poisoning:
a. Mineral treatment of mercury.
b. Manufacture of mercury compounds.
c. Manufacture of measuring instruments or laboratory.
e. Preparation of raw materials for headgear.
C. Poisoning
by mercury, its amalgams and compounds with the direct consequences of the
poisoning.
a. Workers
who are in contact with animals infected with anthrax.
b. Handling animal waste.
c. Loading or unloading goods.
e. Anthrax infections
D. Comprises the operations of production, separation and use of phosphorus and their compounds.
E. Poisoning and its compounds, with the direct consequences of this poisoning.
When radium and other radioactive substances;
b. Handling animal waste.
c. Loading or unloading goods.
e. Anthrax infections
D. Comprises the operations of production, separation and use of phosphorus and their compounds.
E. Poisoning and its compounds, with the direct consequences of this poisoning.
When radium and other radioactive substances;
a.
All operations or tasks involving exposure to the action
of radium radioactive substances or X-ray
b. A X-ray
F. Pathological
manifestations due to:
a. Industries that use wool, hair, bristles, hides and skins.
a. Industries that use wool, hair, bristles, hides and skins.
G. Primitive
epitheliomas of the skin. Anthrax.
a. Industries
producing or using chromic acid, potassium dichromate, ammonium, sodium or
their preparations or derivatives.
H. Chrome ulceration and the aftermath of these ulcerations.
a. Industries or wood tillage tasks, such as the sandbox tree and others.
I. Dermatitis various
Epidemiology:
Epidemiology is the science that aims to study the health of the community.
Currently, epidemiology, based on a limited field, the study of communicable diseases (built on principles by epidemics and then endemic) studied the disease in its entirety, physiological problems and other aspects of community health as a phenomenon Population, conglomerate mass.
An important aspect consists of the general principles that allow us to understand and explain the health and community issues, whatever they are. These principles have emerged dela observation of the aspects that have in common diseases and health problems. Hence, it is necessary the presence of the agent, host, the environment and that variations at each of these factors influence the production of health.
The agent may act for the presence of:
* Pathogenic bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi.
* Chemicals: insecticides, acids, alkalis, alcohol, drug products.
H. Chrome ulceration and the aftermath of these ulcerations.
a. Industries or wood tillage tasks, such as the sandbox tree and others.
I. Dermatitis various
Epidemiology:
Epidemiology is the science that aims to study the health of the community.
Currently, epidemiology, based on a limited field, the study of communicable diseases (built on principles by epidemics and then endemic) studied the disease in its entirety, physiological problems and other aspects of community health as a phenomenon Population, conglomerate mass.
An important aspect consists of the general principles that allow us to understand and explain the health and community issues, whatever they are. These principles have emerged dela observation of the aspects that have in common diseases and health problems. Hence, it is necessary the presence of the agent, host, the environment and that variations at each of these factors influence the production of health.
The agent may act for the presence of:
* Pathogenic bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi.
* Chemicals: insecticides, acids, alkalis, alcohol, drug products.
* Physical agents: heat, radiation.
* Deficiencies such as lack of food and vitamins.
The epidemiological method is essentially the scientific method applied to the object of study of epidemiology.
Consider as an example the investigation of an epidemic. In a situation of abnormal, there would be as follows:
Diagnosis of a sufficient number of cases by clinical study, laboratory and epidemiological.
2. Disposal of foreign cases.
3. Description of the medium.
4. Description of the outbreak. Statistical presentation of the frequency and its relation to the epidemiological characteristics (time, space and personal characteristics).
5. Developing a set of hypotheses.
6. Elimination of disposable hypothesis.
By experiment
Comparison
Simple
Through observation
7. Verification of the hypotheses are not rejected.
In the case of occupational diseases some "green shoots" have been studied in the industrial environment and others are to be realized. The principles and examples given are applied in these diagnoses. The engineer must identify them to interpret the results or just observations by other professional groups, particularly doctors, are the triangle relationship with man - environment - machine.
Health Indicators:
For often in statistics, means the number of times an event repeats itself. In the case of illness or accidents at work indicators of negative effects such as frequency and severity index and were analyzed.
The fact is the health measure. The disease has four indicators: morbidity, mortality, absenteeism and disability.
Morbidity:
Defined as the number of cases at a time, space or given population exposed.
Mortality:
Defined as the number of deaths in a population at a given time and space.
Absenteeism
Defined as the number of days absent due to illness and injury in a population at a given time and space. It can be work or school because of the importance of these two social groups. Absenteeism is usually put on a percentage of working people or students.
Disability:
The disability caused by disease or accident is prevented from making a temporary or permanent. May be partial or total. The fracture of a finger is a temporary and partial. The loss is permanent partial finger. The fracture of both legs is a temporary and total. The loss of both legs is permanent and total.
7. Classification of environmental agents:
The "occupational disease" implies that results of work or occupation of the individual or have any connection with him. In some cases it is the main cause, and another can only be considered as contributing factor. There is an agent for each occupational disease, just as there is for disease.
Environmental Agents:
1. Physical Agents:
The multiplicity of physical agents, which can be found in industry are given in the following list:
a. Normal air pressure.
b. Temperature and humidity
c. Lighting (insufficient or inadequate)
d. Radiant energy.
e. Mechanical vibration
f. Fluid
2. Biological agents:
Health threats caused by biological agents, including infections such as Anthrax, tuberculosis, fungal diseases, brucellosis, typhoid, yellow fever, malaria, hookworm, pneumonia and other respiratory diseases.
Ergonomic agents:
Have been considered such situations, places and circumstances to perform work that may cause injury or damage to health.
3. Psychosocial Agents:
Have been proposed as such those work relationships with subordinates, peers and bosses, public or workers cause tensions.
* Deficiencies such as lack of food and vitamins.
The epidemiological method is essentially the scientific method applied to the object of study of epidemiology.
Consider as an example the investigation of an epidemic. In a situation of abnormal, there would be as follows:
Diagnosis of a sufficient number of cases by clinical study, laboratory and epidemiological.
2. Disposal of foreign cases.
3. Description of the medium.
4. Description of the outbreak. Statistical presentation of the frequency and its relation to the epidemiological characteristics (time, space and personal characteristics).
5. Developing a set of hypotheses.
6. Elimination of disposable hypothesis.
By experiment
Comparison
Simple
Through observation
7. Verification of the hypotheses are not rejected.
In the case of occupational diseases some "green shoots" have been studied in the industrial environment and others are to be realized. The principles and examples given are applied in these diagnoses. The engineer must identify them to interpret the results or just observations by other professional groups, particularly doctors, are the triangle relationship with man - environment - machine.
Health Indicators:
For often in statistics, means the number of times an event repeats itself. In the case of illness or accidents at work indicators of negative effects such as frequency and severity index and were analyzed.
The fact is the health measure. The disease has four indicators: morbidity, mortality, absenteeism and disability.
Morbidity:
Defined as the number of cases at a time, space or given population exposed.
Mortality:
Defined as the number of deaths in a population at a given time and space.
Absenteeism
Defined as the number of days absent due to illness and injury in a population at a given time and space. It can be work or school because of the importance of these two social groups. Absenteeism is usually put on a percentage of working people or students.
Disability:
The disability caused by disease or accident is prevented from making a temporary or permanent. May be partial or total. The fracture of a finger is a temporary and partial. The loss is permanent partial finger. The fracture of both legs is a temporary and total. The loss of both legs is permanent and total.
7. Classification of environmental agents:
The "occupational disease" implies that results of work or occupation of the individual or have any connection with him. In some cases it is the main cause, and another can only be considered as contributing factor. There is an agent for each occupational disease, just as there is for disease.
Environmental Agents:
1. Physical Agents:
The multiplicity of physical agents, which can be found in industry are given in the following list:
a. Normal air pressure.
b. Temperature and humidity
c. Lighting (insufficient or inadequate)
d. Radiant energy.
e. Mechanical vibration
f. Fluid
2. Biological agents:
Health threats caused by biological agents, including infections such as Anthrax, tuberculosis, fungal diseases, brucellosis, typhoid, yellow fever, malaria, hookworm, pneumonia and other respiratory diseases.
Ergonomic agents:
Have been considered such situations, places and circumstances to perform work that may cause injury or damage to health.
3. Psychosocial Agents:
Have been proposed as such those work relationships with subordinates, peers and bosses, public or workers cause tensions.
